Storage And Handling Recommendations For N-Methyl-Dicyclohexylamine

Date：2025-01-14 Categories：News

Storage and Handling Recommendations for N-Methyl-Dicyclohexylamine

Abstract

N-Methyl-dicyclohexylamine (MCDHA) is a versatile organic compound widely used in various industrial applications, including as a catalyst, curing agent, and intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and polymers. Proper storage and handling of MCDHA are crucial to ensure its efficacy, safety, and compliance with regulatory standards. This comprehensive guide provides detailed recommendations for the storage and handling of MCDHA, covering physical and chemical properties, safety precautions, environmental considerations, and best practices for minimizing risks. The information is based on a review of both international and domestic literature, ensuring that the guidelines are up-to-date and scientifically sound.

1. Introduction

N-Methyl-dicyclohexylamine (MCDHA), also known as 1-Methyl-4,4′-dicyclohexylamine, is a tertiary amine with the molecular formula C13H23N. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic amine odor. MCDHA is commonly used as a catalyst in epoxy resin systems, a curing agent for polyurethane foams, and an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals. Due to its reactive nature and potential health and environmental hazards, proper storage and handling are essential to prevent accidents, contamination, and degradation of the material.

This document aims to provide a detailed guide for the safe storage and handling of MCDHA, drawing from both international and domestic sources. The recommendations cover physical and chemical properties, safety data, storage conditions, handling procedures, personal protective equipment (PPE), emergency response, and disposal methods. By following these guidelines, users can ensure the integrity of the product while minimizing risks to human health and the environment.

2. Physical and Chemical Properties

Understanding the physical and chemical properties of MCDHA is essential for developing appropriate storage and handling protocols. The following table summarizes the key properties of MCDHA:

Property	Value
Molecular Formula	C13H23N
Molecular Weight	197.33 g/mol
CAS Number	586-64-7
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor	Characteristic amine odor
Boiling Point	260°C (decomposes before boiling)
Melting Point	-15°C
Density	0.89 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water	Slightly soluble (0.5 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Flash Point	110°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure	0.1 mm Hg at 25°C
pH (1% solution)	11.5 – 12.5
Refractive Index	1.485 at 20°C
Autoignition Temperature	440°C
Specific Gravity	0.89 at 20°C
Viscosity	4.5 cP at 25°C

2.1 Reactivity

MCDHA is a strong base and can react exothermically with acids, halogenated compounds, and oxidizing agents. It is also sensitive to moisture, which can lead to the formation of salts or other byproducts that may affect its performance. Therefore, it is important to store MCDHA in a dry environment and avoid contact with acidic or oxidizing materials.

2.2 Stability

MCDHA is stable under normal storage conditions but can decompose at high temperatures or in the presence of strong acids. Prolonged exposure to air or moisture can also lead to degradation. To maintain its stability, MCDHA should be stored in tightly sealed containers and protected from heat, light, and moisture.

3. Safety Data

MCDHA is classified as a hazardous substance due to its corrosive and irritating properties. The following sections provide an overview of the safety data, including health effects, first aid measures, and exposure limits.

3.1 Health Hazards

Exposure Route	Health Effects
Inhalation	Irritation of the respiratory tract, coughing, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, pulmonary edema.
Skin Contact	Irritation, redness, and possible burns. Prolonged contact may cause dermatitis.
Eye Contact	Severe irritation, corneal damage, and potential blindness. Immediate flushing with water is critical.
Ingestion	Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal burns. Seek medical attention immediately.

3.2 First Aid Measures

Exposure Route	First Aid Procedure
Inhalation	Move the affected person to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin Contact	Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye Contact	Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the eyelids occasionally. Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion	Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and give the person milk or water to drink. Seek medical attention immediately.

3.3 Exposure Limits

Country/Region	Exposure Limit (mg/m³)
OSHA (USA)	10 mg/m³ (TWA)
ACGIH (USA)	5 mg/m³ (TWA)
EU (Directive 2004/37/EC)	10 mg/m³ (TWA)
China (GBZ 2.1-2019)	5 mg/m³ (TWA)

3.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Type of PPE	Recommendations
Respiratory Protection	Use a full-face respirator with organic vapor cartridges or an air-supplied respirator in areas with poor ventilation.
Eye Protection	Wear chemical splash goggles or a face shield to protect against splashes.
Skin Protection	Use chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile, neoprene) and protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Hand Protection	Wear long-sleeved gloves and avoid touching the face or eyes with contaminated hands.

4. Storage Conditions

Proper storage of MCDHA is critical to maintaining its quality and preventing accidents. The following guidelines should be followed to ensure safe and effective storage:

4.1 Storage Location

Indoor Storage: Store MCDHA in a well-ventilated, cool, and dry area away from direct sunlight. The storage area should be equipped with proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of vapors.
Outdoor Storage: If outdoor storage is necessary, use weatherproof containers and ensure that the area is protected from rain, snow, and extreme temperatures. Outdoor storage should be avoided if possible, as temperature fluctuations can affect the stability of the material.
Segregation: Store MCDHA separately from incompatible materials such as acids, oxidizers, halogenated compounds, and flammable liquids. A distance of at least 3 meters should be maintained between MCDHA and incompatible substances.

4.2 Container Requirements

Material Compatibility: MCDHA should be stored in containers made of materials that are compatible with amines, such as stainless steel, glass, or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Avoid using containers made of aluminum, copper, or zinc, as these metals can react with MCDHA.
Sealing: Ensure that all containers are tightly sealed to prevent moisture ingress and vapor escape. Use screw caps or other secure closures to minimize the risk of leaks.
Labeling: Clearly label all containers with the product name, CAS number, hazard warnings, and expiration date. Include information on emergency contact numbers and handling instructions.

4.3 Temperature Control

Optimal Temperature Range: Store MCDHA at temperatures between 10°C and 25°C. Avoid exposing the material to temperatures above 30°C, as this can increase the risk of decomposition and vapor release.
Freeze Protection: MCDHA has a low melting point (-15°C), so it should not be exposed to freezing temperatures. If freezing is a concern, use insulated storage containers or heating elements to maintain the temperature above 0°C.

4.4 Humidity Control

Dry Environment: MCDHA is hygroscopic and can absorb moisture from the air, leading to the formation of salts or other byproducts. Store the material in a dry environment with a relative humidity below 60%. If necessary, use desiccants or dehumidifiers to control moisture levels.

5. Handling Procedures

Safe handling of MCDHA is essential to prevent accidents and ensure the integrity of the material. The following guidelines should be followed when working with MCDHA:

5.1 Precautions During Handling

Minimize Exposure: Handle MCDHA in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize inhalation of vapors. Use mechanical ventilation if necessary to reduce airborne concentrations.
Avoid Spills: Take care to avoid spills and leaks during transfer operations. Use drip pans or catch basins to contain any accidental releases.
Use Appropriate Tools: Use non-sparking tools and equipment when handling MCDHA, especially in areas where flammable vapors may be present. Avoid using metal tools that could generate sparks.
Avoid Direct Contact: Always wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing, when handling MCDHA. Avoid skin contact and inhalation of vapors.

5.2 Transfer Operations

Use Closed Systems: Whenever possible, use closed systems or closed-loop transfer equipment to minimize exposure to MCDHA vapors. If open systems are used, ensure that they are properly ventilated.
Check for Leaks: Inspect all transfer lines, valves, and connections for leaks before and after each operation. Repair any leaks immediately to prevent contamination or loss of material.
Control Flow Rates: Keep transfer flow rates low to reduce the risk of splashing or aerosol formation. Use pumps or gravity feed systems to control the flow of MCDHA.

5.3 Cleaning and Maintenance

Clean Up Spills Immediately: In the event of a spill, clean up the affected area immediately using absorbent materials such as vermiculite or sand. Neutralize the spilled material with a weak acid solution (e.g., acetic acid) before disposal.
Dispose of Contaminated Materials: Dispose of all contaminated materials, including gloves, rags, and absorbents, according to local regulations. Do not reuse contaminated equipment without thorough cleaning and inspection.
Regular Inspection: Regularly inspect storage containers, transfer equipment, and handling areas for signs of corrosion, wear, or damage. Replace any damaged equipment immediately to prevent accidents.

6. Emergency Response

In the event of an emergency involving MCDHA, it is important to have a well-defined response plan in place. The following sections provide guidance on how to respond to spills, fires, and other incidents.

6.1 Spill Response

Small Spills: For small spills (less than 1 liter), use absorbent materials such as vermiculite or sand to contain the spill. Neutralize the spilled material with a weak acid solution (e.g., acetic acid) and dispose of the absorbent material according to local regulations.
Large Spills: For large spills (greater than 1 liter), isolate the affected area and evacuate personnel. Use a containment dike or barrier to prevent the spread of the spill. Notify emergency services and follow their instructions for cleanup and disposal.
Personal Protection: Always wear appropriate PPE, including a full-face respirator, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective clothing, when responding to a spill. Avoid inhaling vapors or coming into direct contact with the spilled material.

6.2 Fire Response

Fire Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide extinguishers to fight fires involving MCDHA. Do not use water, as it can cause the fire to spread or create a dangerous vapor cloud.
Evacuation: Evacuate the area immediately if a fire occurs. Move to a safe location upwind and away from the fire. Do not attempt to extinguish the fire unless you are trained and equipped to do so.
Ventilation: Ensure that the area is well-ventilated to prevent the buildup of toxic vapors. Use fans or exhaust systems to remove smoke and fumes from the area.

6.3 Medical Response

Inhalation: If someone has inhaled MCDHA vapors, move them to fresh air immediately. If they are having difficulty breathing, administer oxygen and seek medical attention. Monitor the person for signs of respiratory distress and provide first aid as needed.
Skin Contact: If MCDHA comes into contact with the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation or burns occur.
Eye Contact: If MCDHA gets into the eyes, flush the eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the eyelids occasionally. Seek immediate medical attention, even if no symptoms are apparent.
Ingestion: If MCDHA is ingested, do not induce vomiting. Rinse the mouth with water and give the person milk or water to drink. Seek medical attention immediately.

7. Disposal Methods

Proper disposal of MCDHA is essential to protect the environment and comply with regulatory requirements. The following guidelines should be followed for the disposal of MCDHA and related waste:

7.1 Waste Classification

Hazardous Waste: MCDHA is classified as a hazardous waste in many countries due to its corrosive and toxic properties. It should be disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Non-Hazardous Waste: Small quantities of MCDHA that have been neutralized with a weak acid solution may be considered non-hazardous waste. However, it is important to consult local regulations to determine the appropriate disposal method.

7.2 Disposal Options

Incineration: Incineration is a common method for disposing of MCDHA and related waste. The material should be incinerated at a licensed facility that meets all applicable environmental standards. Ensure that the incineration process is conducted at high temperatures to ensure complete destruction of the material.
Landfill: In some cases, MCDHA may be disposed of in a hazardous waste landfill. However, this option should only be used as a last resort, as it poses a risk of contaminating soil and groundwater. Ensure that the landfill is licensed to accept hazardous waste and that all regulatory requirements are met.
Recycling: If possible, consider recycling MCDHA or reusing it in other applications. This can help reduce waste and minimize the environmental impact of disposal. Consult with a qualified recycling facility to determine the feasibility of this option.

7.3 Documentation

Waste Manifests: Keep detailed records of all waste generated, including the type, quantity, and disposal method. Submit waste manifests to the appropriate regulatory agencies as required.
Disposal Certificates: Obtain certificates of disposal from the waste management facility to confirm that the material has been properly disposed of. Retain these certificates for future reference.

8. Regulatory Compliance

Compliance with local, national, and international regulations is essential for the safe storage and handling of MCDHA. The following sections provide an overview of the key regulations that apply to MCDHA.

8.1 Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

OSHA (USA): The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) sets exposure limits for MCDHA and requires employers to provide appropriate PPE, ventilation, and training to employees who handle the material.
EU REACH Regulation: The Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation governs the production, import, and use of MCDHA within the European Union. Manufacturers and importers must register MCDHA with the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) and comply with all relevant restrictions.
China GBZ Standards: The Chinese National Health Commission has established occupational exposure limits for MCDHA in the "Hygienic Standard for Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents in the Air" (GBZ 2.1-2019).

8.2 Environmental Regulations

EPA (USA): The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the release of MCDHA into the environment under the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Facilities that handle MCDHA must comply with reporting requirements and obtain permits for emissions and waste disposal.
EU Directive 2004/37/EC: The EU Directive on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work sets exposure limits for MCDHA and requires employers to implement control measures to reduce worker exposure.
China Environmental Protection Law: The Chinese Environmental Protection Law (2014) sets standards for the discharge of pollutants into the air, water, and soil. Facilities that handle MCDHA must comply with these standards and obtain the necessary permits for emissions and waste disposal.

8.3 Transportation Regulations

DOT (USA): The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) classifies MCDHA as a Class 8 corrosive material and requires it to be transported in accordance with the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR). Shippers must provide proper labeling, packaging, and documentation for all shipments.
IMDG Code (International): The International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code governs the transport of MCDHA by sea. Shippers must comply with the IMDG Code’s requirements for packaging, labeling, and documentation.
ADR (Europe): The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) regulates the transport of MCDHA by road. Shippers must comply with the ADR’s requirements for packaging, labeling, and documentation.

9. Conclusion

Proper storage and handling of N-Methyl-dicyclohexylamine (MCDHA) are essential to ensure its effectiveness, safety, and compliance with regulatory standards. By following the guidelines outlined in this document, users can minimize the risks associated with MCDHA and protect both human health and the environment. Key recommendations include storing MCDHA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, using appropriate PPE, segregating incompatible materials, and implementing emergency response plans. Additionally, it is important to stay informed about the latest regulations and best practices for handling MCDHA to ensure ongoing compliance and safety.

References

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2021). Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories. Retrieved from https://www.osha.gov/laboratory-standard
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). (2020). Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). Retrieved from https://echa.europa.eu/reach-portal
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2021). Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/tsca
China National Health Commission. (2019). Hygienic Standard for Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents in the Air (GBZ 2.1-2019).
International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2020). International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code. Retrieved from https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/IMDG-Code.aspx
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). (2021). Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Chemical Substances. Retrieved from https://www.acgih.org/tlv-tbi/
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (2021). Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/default.html
European Union. (2004). Directive 2004/37/EC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work. Official Journal of the European Union.
U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). (2021). Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR). Retrieved from https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/regulations/hazmat
China Environmental Protection Law (2014). Retrieved from http://www.mee.gov.cn/ywgz/flfg/fl/201412/t20141226_278853.shtml

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